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1000000000 (number)

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Mathematics portal

1,000,000,000 (one billion, short scale) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001.

In scientific notation, it is written as 10⁹.

In modern (short scale) English usage, it is usually called a billion (although in many other languages and long scale usage, a billion means 1,000,000,000,000 - a million millions).

In Indian English, it may be known as 100 crore.

The term milliard can also be used to refer to 1,000,000,000; this terminology is rarely used in English, but often in other languages.

The SI prefix giga indicates 1,000,000,000 times the base unit.

See Orders of magnitude (numbers) for larger numbers; and long and short scales.

Selected 10-digit numbers (1000000000 - 9999999999)

• 1023456789 - smallest pandigital number in base 10
• 1026753849 - smallest pandigital square, including 0
• 1073676287 - 15th Carol number
• 1073741824 = 2³⁰
• 1073807359 - 14th Kynea number
• 1129760415 - 23rd Motzkin number
• 1134903170 - 45th Fibonacci number
• 1162261467 = 3¹⁹
• 1220703125 = 5¹²
• 1234567890 - pandigital number with the digits in order
• 1311738121 - 25th Pell number
• 1382958545 - 15th Bell number
• 1406818759 - 30th Wedderburn-Etherington number
• 1836311903 - 46th Fibonacci number
• 1882341361 - The least prime whose reversal is both square (40391²) and triangular (triangular of 57121).
• 1977326743 = 7¹¹
• 2147483647 - 8th Mersenne prime and the largest signed 32-bit integer
• 2147483648 = 2³¹
• 2214502422 - 6th primary pseudoperfect number
• 2357947691 = 11⁹
• 2971215073 - 11th Fibonacci prime (47th Fibonacci number)
• 3166815962 - 26th Pell number
• 3192727797 - 24th Motzkin number
• 3323236238 - 31st Wedderburn-Etherington number
• 3486784401 = 3²⁰
• 4294836223 - 16th Carol number
• 4294967291 - Largest prime 32-bit unsigned integer
• 4294967295 - Maximum 32-bit unsigned integer (hexadecimal FFFFFFFF)
• 4294967296 = 2³²
• 4294967297 - the first composite Fermat number
• 4295098367 - 15th Kynea number
• 4807526976 - 48th Fibonacci number
• 5784634181 - 13th alternating factorial
• 6210001000 - only self-descriptive number in base 10
• 6227020800 = 13!
• 6983776800 - 15th colossally abundant number
• 7645370045 - 27th Pell number
• 7778742049 - 49th Fibonacci number
• 7862958391 - 32nd Wedderburn-Etherington number
• 8589869056 - 6th perfect number
• 8589934592 = 2³³
• 9043402501 - 25th Motzkin number
• 9814072356 - largest square pandigital number, largest pandigital pure power
• 9876543210 - largest pandigital number without redundant digits

Sense of scale

The facts below give a sense of how large 1,000,000,000 (10⁹) is in the context of time according to current scientific evidence:

• 10⁹ seconds is 114 days short of 32 calendar years (≈ 31.7 years).
• About 10⁹ minutes ago, the Roman Empire was flourishing. (10⁹ minutes is roughly 1,900 years.)
• About 10⁹ hours ago, modern human beings and their ancestors were living in the Stone Age (more precisely, the Middle Paleolithic). (10⁹ hours is roughly 114,000 years.)
• About 10⁹ days ago, Australopithecus, an ape-like creature related to an ancestor of modern humans, roamed the African savannas. (10⁹ days is roughly 2.7 million years.)
• About 10⁹ months ago, dinosaurs walked the earth during the late Cretaceous. (10⁹ months is roughly 82 million years.)
• About 10⁹ years ago, the first multicellular eukaryotes appeared on Earth.
• The universe is currently thought to be about 13.7 × 10⁹ years old.

In terms of distance:

• 10⁹ centimetres is about the distance from Chicago to Tokyo.
• 10⁹ inches is 15,783 miles, more than halfway around the world and sufficient to reach any point on the globe from any other point.
• 10⁹ metres is almost three times the distance from the Earth to the Moon.
• 10⁹ kilometres is over six times the distance from the Earth to the Sun.

In terms of finance:

• The possession of assets with total value of 10⁹ United States dollars would place a person among the world's wealthiest individuals.
• As visualized in a work by artist Michael Marcovici, this amount of money in stacks of hundred-dollar bills can fit on twelve wrapped pallets.

In terms of area:

• A billion square inches would be a square about one half mile on a side.
• A piece of finely woven bed sheet cloth that contained a billion holes would measure about 500 square feet, large enough to cover a moderate sized apartment.

In terms of volume:

• There are a billion cubic millimeters in a cubic meter.
• A billion grains of table salt or granulated sugar would occupy a volume of about two and a half cubic feet.
• A billion cubic inches would be a volume comparable to a large commercial building slightly larger than a typical supermarket.

In terms of natural landscape; a small mountain, slightly larger than Stone Mountain Georgia, United States, would weigh (have a mass of) a billion tons.

In terms of count:

A is a cube; B consists of 1000 cubes of type A. C consists of 1000 B's; and D 1000 C's. Thus there are 1 million A's in C; and 1,000,000,000 A's in D. Likewise, there are 1,000,000,000 cubic millimeters in a cubic meter.